What Calculators Are Allowed on the ACT

The Meaning of Life in the Play, A Raisin in the Sun by...

In the play, A Raisin in the Sun, the characters of Mama and Walter have distinct views on what they think the meaning of life is. To a certain extent, it is evident that Walter and Mama have incompatible dreams. Mama dreams of being able to have a better life by owning a house and Walter dreams of starting an alcohol business. Their dreams are only similar because they both want their families to benefit from them. Their distinct dreams intertwine with their associations concerning the meaning of life. Their dreams also show the relationship between the aspirations of certain characters and the intergenerational gap between those characters. This essay will discuss the intergenerational differences between certain characters in the play thus showing the way in which time functions in the play. For Walter money is life. This is evident in the play as Walter is desperate to get hold of the money from the insurance cheque which was left behind by his father at the time of his death for Mama. He wants to use this money in order to start his liquor business. This is evident at the beginning of the play when Walter asks Ruth to speak to Mama about his idea relating to the investment that he wants to make for the liquor store that he wants to start with his friends. Walter wishes to use a part of Mamas insurance cheque in order to do so. Thus it is clear money represents the epitome of a better life for Walter. According to Abdelmawjoud, Walter believes that money â€Å"representsShow MoreRelatedSummary Of Lorraine Hansberry 1486 Words   |  6 PagesLorraine Hansberry, born May 19, 1930, made a very prominent contribution to society in her short lived life. She was born to a middle class family as the youngest of four children. Her father was a successful real estate broker who also founded one of the first Negro banks in Chicago (Adams 247). Lorraine’s mother was a schoolteacher named Nannie Perry who later became a ward committeewoman. In 1938, Lorraine’s father took a stand against the real estate covenants in Chicago due to the fact thatRead MoreLorraine Hansberry s Life As A Whole1461 Words   |  6 Pagesidentified Lorraine Hansberry’s life as a whole. Hansberry was born on May 19, 1930 in Chicago. She was the third youngest out of seven siblings. Her parents contributed a large amount of money to NAACP and the Urban League, because of this Hansberry was never comfortable with her rich girl status, so instead she identified herself as â€Å"poor†. She was admired by the children who were so often independent and matured which she imitated. Later on in Hansberry early life, 1938, the Hansberry moved intoRead MoreAnalysis Of A Raisin In The Sun By Lorraine Hansberry1158 Words   |  5 Pagesincredible play A Raisin in the Sun, written by Lorraine Hansberry. To further understand the play please read the text below about the background of Hansberry’s life, living conditions in the er a that the play took place, and reviews written about the play. Lorraine Hansberry was a playwright and a writer. She was born in Chicago May 19, 1930 in Chicago, and she grew up in the Woodlawn neighborhood in the South side of Chicago. Her parents were well known civil rights activists; Carl Hansberry (herRead MoreLorraine Hansberrys A Raisin in the Sun1260 Words   |  6 Pagesoblivious to this fact, and to those who are aware and accept this knowledge. The people who are oblivious represent those who are ignorant of the fact that their dream will be deferred. This denial is the core of the concept used in A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry. The perception of the American Dream is one that is highly subjective, but every individual dream ends in its own deferment. During the 1960s, the African-American people were in racial situations due to their â€Å"lowered status†. TheyRead Moreâ€Å"A Proud-Acting Bunch†: The Issues of Suburbanization and Class Stratification in â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† 1462 Words   |  6 Pagessource of meaning and security† (May 24) to those seeking refuge and comfort after a tumultuous time of war. Among those migrating from the cities to the suburbs were middle-class African Americans, who sought a suburban life that both â€Å"express[ed] and reinforce[d] their newly won social position.† (Wiese 101) However, this middle-class migration from urban areas left behind working class African Americans such as the Younger family of Lorraine Hansberry’s 1959 play â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun.† While theRead MoreA Raisin In The Sun Character Analysis902 Words   |  4 PagesMurray and Gordon: Segregation vs. Southern Pride Lorraine Hansberry’s â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† touches on many issues African Americans faced in the early to mid-twentieth century. One can analyze Hansberry’s â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† from many angles, and come away with different meanings. While Michelle Gordon focuses more on segregation and housing discrimination that plagued African Americans on Chicago’s Southside in Hansberry’s â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun†, William Murray emphasizes on Southern Pride andRead MoreEssay about A Raisin in the Sun1559 Words   |  7 Pagesgoods† (May 18), for â€Å"one of the most noted verbal sparring matches of the century,† aptly coined the â€Å"kitchen debate† (16). As Khrushchev applauded the Communist system and its hardworking women, Nixon â€Å"extolled the virtues of the American way of life† (16), emphasizing America’s â€Å"successful breadwinners supporting attractive homemakers in affluent suburba n homes† (18). Although Nixon’s emphasis upon the suburban lifestyle may have successfully displayed America’s superiority in consumer goods,Read MoreLorraine Hansberry s A Raisin982 Words   |  4 Pages but the unfortunate part is that they might be dead. In the play, A Raisin in the Sun, the author, Lorraine Hansberry, choose to name her play from a famous poem by Langston Hughes. It is difficult to really know why she choose Hughes’ poem but there are reasons to infer. Lorraine Hansberry choose to name her play after Langston Hughes’ poem because of what the poem meant and that poem closely related to the characters within the play. Langston Hughes was one of the most important writers and thinkersRead MoreLorraine Hansberry s A Raisin Of The Sun1527 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† is about the Younger Family who live in a small apartment in Chicago. The family is torn apart as every member has different dreams and goals, yet Mama and her daughter-in-law Ruth desperately attempt to hold the family all together. In both the movie and the play, the family’s dreams remain the same. Mama wants her family to get along and she wants to purchase a house. Her son, Walter, wants the life insurance money from his father to invest in a liquor store to achieve hisRead More Difficulities in the Play A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry1383 Words   |  6 PagesDifficulities in the Play A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry In the four years between 1861 and 1865 this country was in civil war over the rights and freedom of blacks in America. When all was said and done, the blacks won their freedom and gained several rights that would make their lives better. Nearly one hundred years later, in 1959, Lorraine Hansberry wrote her great play, A Raisin in the Sun. It described the everyday life of a black family in the Southside of Chicago

Modern Technology vs Books Free Essays

One of the most important marvels of modern technology is the Internet, which has not just revolutionized the process of information retrieval, but also, dramatically changed the way people seek information. If in the past, people often had to spend so much time and energy going through many pages or sheets of printed media only to seek for specific information, now with the aid of the internet; information retrieval can be much easier and time-saving. The revolutionary way which the internet offers triggers an intriguing question whether it will replace books or printed media as the main source of information. We will write a custom essay sample on Modern Technology vs Books or any similar topic only for you Order Now From my observation, I tend to believe that it will. My main reason is because it has so many advantages over printed media, which make the former (the internet) more preferable, more interesting, more attractive, and even more reliable than the latter (printed media). As a result, more and more people turn to the internet every time they need to seek for information. Here are some of the advantages which I can list to support my belief. First, the kinds of information which the internet provides are almost unlimited. We can find almost any topics from a single computer equipped with a good connection to the internet, while it is impossible to find such a large number of topics only from a single book or a single newspaper. As a result, when people need almost any information, ranging from the latest news, house rentals, car sales, to public transport schedules and fares, they rely on the internet rather than printed media. Second, the information stored in the internet can be updated at very short intervals, enabling its users to always get the latest progress or development. This kind of updating can’t be applied to printed media and thus, printed media always lags behind the internet. Third, the internet also provides other facilities that printed media can’t provide. For example, it enables its users to perform multitasking or interactivity, so that they can communicate with other people, play online games, download or upload pictures, and so on, while seeking for information. Fourth, the optimization of internet usage can reduce paper consumption significantly. Since the environmental awareness is on the rise, people are encouraged to reduce paper consumption. More paper consumption can lead to more deforestation because the raw materials for making paper basically come from forests. As a result, paperless office and â€Å"going paperless† are being intensively promoted, and here in this context, the internet has proved to be supportive. Looking at the rapidly widespread use of the internet and people’s increasing reliance on it, I believe that someday the internet will triumph over printed media. The first signs of it have shown. For example, the number of internet users is increasing so dramatically, while the sale of printed media is decreasing. How to cite Modern Technology vs Books, Essays

On My Own free essay sample

Her Banana Republic sweater sets, her penny loafers, long, blond hair, flawless body, her picture-perfect townhouse. Many people strive to be perfect, but she actually accomplished it. Hosting dinner parties, chaperoning field trips – she was an urban soccer mom, the perfect wife. She had everybody fooled. My parents separated when I was 10. My older sister was 12, and my brother was eight. My mother moved to a beautiful apartment on the other side of Central Park. The custody arrangement for us was to alternate homes every week. Shortly after she moved out, she started binge drinking. What followed was seven years of drunkenness, rehab, disappointment, and embarrassment. For the first couple of years, though frightened, I stayed faithfully by her side. I cheered her on through multiple failed attempts at rehab and sobriety, and spent nights with her, even when she was getting drunk. Eventually, my loyalty dwindled. I began to consider my fathers house my permanent home. We will write a custom essay sample on On My Own or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page My dad has always done the best he could to protect and raise us. The divorce had thrown him into single parenthood very suddenly. When I was younger, I would sometimes get overlooked, often true for the middle child. As a result, I became independent at an early age. Occasionally I stayed at my mothers if she was sober, which  ­wasnt often. At 13, I stopped caring. She was so desperate for attention that she stopped giving her children any. I started to see her as pathetic. With some exceptions, her drunkenness  ­didnt scare me anymore. The only reason I tolerated her was because I never really had a choice. I was still a kid, and she was still my mother. Weeks away from my fifteenth birthday, I decided to cut my mother out of my life. No more phone calls, no more visits, no more wasting my time. Although my siblings continued their relationships with her, I didnt want to. For too long my familys world had revolved around my mothers drinking problem, and I was tired of pretending to care. My decision to separate myself from my mother was not easy. The bond between a mom and daughter is invaluable, and that connection was something I yearned for during those rough years. But when I needed her, she needed a drink. Over and over she had proved she would never be the mom I desperately wanted her to be. Ending our relationship meant more than just giving her the cold shoulder. Giving up on her meant abandoning my hope of ever having a normal, loving mother-daughter  ­relationship. Having to accept these harsh truths has led me to a greater self-awareness, and has made me stronger. This is not a story of failure. Everything that has happened in my life has contributed to the person I have become, and who I will be. I had to grow up when I was only 10. Thus, my level of maturity has far surpassed that of my peers. Without a mother to care for me and on whom I could depend, I learned to be self-sufficient. Separating from my mother was the ultimate act of independence, which is a trait I will certainly put to use when I leave home in the fall. Even when I was young, I was able to separate what I wanted from what my family wanted. Now, I am independent in thought and action. College is a place where kids grow up, where they learn to be responsible, independent, and self-sufficient. These are skills I have been developing for years, and I am more than ready for this next step.

Summary of 1st phone call from heaven Essay Example

Summary of 1st phone call from heaven Paper The first phone call from heaven tells the story of a small town called Coldwater, Michigan. The story begins when one Friday a number of people started receiving a call from their loved ones who have already died saying that life after death is wonderful, that they are happy in heaven . Tess is contacted by her mother whom she had nursed during her illness, Katherine received a call from her sister to whom she had been so close until her death from an aneurysm, Elias Rowe is phoned by a man who blames him for his death, and Jack, the chief of police is contacted by Robbie, his son who got killed in Afghanistan. At first, those people who are receiving the calls hesitated to share the news with others for fear of mockery. Until, Katherine Yellin announces on their church congregation that she is receiving a call from her dead sister. The news spread instantly, some are convinced it’s a miracle, some said it’s a hoax but whatever it is made Coldwater the center of media and people’s attention. People are drawn to this town to be a part of this miraculous phenomenon. National news reporters are sent in to cover the story. The police force is increased to maintain order among the supporters and protesters and also phone demands increased. We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of 1st phone call from heaven specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of 1st phone call from heaven specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of 1st phone call from heaven specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer One man named Sully Harding, recently lost his wife and struggling to be a father to a young son, strongly believes that there is no such thing as miracle and it hurts him seeing his son, Jules waiting and hoping that his mother will call him soon. Driven by this event, Sully is determined to prove whether these â€Å"phone calls from heaven† is true or not. He begins to investigate on his own, Sully, working for a newspaper business, finds that working on print business provide access to information that just might find the missing link that ties all these phone calls together. It involves cell phone carriers, amount of time since death, and a few other things that are too similar to ignore. With the help of Elias Rowe and the young girl from town’s library, he learns a couple of facts that the calls only come in on Friday, and each recipient happens to have the same cell phone plan. Something isn’t right and Sully didn’t stop investigating until he figures out what it is. Sully soon uncovered the surprising truth, he learned that the calls that other people are receiving has connection on what happened the day his wife died. Sully was in the air force, he was flying in a fighter jet when he decided to make a pit stop to visit his wife. Upon landing on the airport he was given a poor flight instruction by a young traffic controller on a bad mood. Due to this poor instruction Sully’s plane collided with a small Cessna resulting on accident and deaths. Sully’s wife, Giselle, was speeding to the airport when he saw the smoke from the accident and panicked and the air traffic controller who causes the accident sped away and crashed on Sully’s wife that results death for both of them. The father of deceased air traffic controller, Elliot Gray, has military intelligence experience that he was able to destroy all the data that would have implication to his son, and put all the blame on Sully, causing his imprisonment. Afterwards, the father of the dead controller accessed voicemails of different people in order to put together words and phrases that would make it seem like a call from their loved ones from heaven. The call is actually aimed for Sully, it is out of guilt for the death of Giselle but he never got the call. After Sully confronts the perpetrator, he sped away from the perpetrator’s home with the news about the hoax but the snowstorm sent him off the road and onto the frozen lake. Then, his phone rang, it was Giselle, his wife telling him to get out of the car because the car is going to plunge in the ice. Sully did so just in time. Then, laying on the snowbank, he heard the siren of an ambulance. Someone had called 911, he was brought in the hospital and after he spoke with the chief police officer. He learned that the Horace called in the station saying that there is a dead man at his property and when the police arrived that dead man was Elliot Gray himself. At the end of the story, Sully has proven that the â€Å"phone calls from heaven† are hoax. Thus, when he thought that it was Giselle’s voice Elliot last manipulated he scrolls his phone and check the unknown number which he heard Giselle’s voice on the car accident and realized that the call was made an hour after Elliot’s death. Sully realized that after all, he got a real phone call from heaven.

Shakespeares dealing with women in his tragedies and comedies Essays

Shakespeares dealing with women in his tragedies and comedies Essays Shakespeares dealing with women in his tragedies and comedies Paper Shakespeares dealing with women in his tragedies and comedies Paper Essay Topic: Macbeth Shakespeare creates heroines that have full characters, contrary to conventional writings that show women as sexual objects only. Shakespeares women are not only presented as sexual objects; his heroines have all kinds of human qualities like innocence, seductiveness, ambition, commitment, obedience, frustration, etc. Whether playfully resolved in the comedies or brutally exposed in the tragedies, at some level, all Shakespeares works symbolically explore the conflict between male and female, or control and emotion, within society and the individual self.1 Two important heroines of Shakespeare are Lady Macbeth and Rosalind, who are famous for transgressing the boundaries drawn for women at that time. However, while Lady Macbeth becomes the victim of a tragedy, Rosalind becomes the architect of a happy ending comedy, which arouses a suggestion that Shakespeares tragedies are misogynist, whereas his comedies are feminist. Lady Macbeth is the wife of Macbeth, who kills King of Scotland in order to be the king with the temptation of Witches and his wife. The role of Lady Macbeth in this tragedy is nearly as important as Macbeths role. He is presented as a transgressive woman, who rejects her gender and wants to be unsexed in order to achieve her ambitions. When she learns that King Duncan will come their court, which will give them a perfect opportunity to kill him, she wants to be saved from her feminine qualities. Come, you spirits That tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here, And fill me, from the crown to the toe, top-full Of direst cruelty! Make thick my blood, Stop up thaccess and passage to remorse, That no compunctious visitings of nature Shake my fell purpose, nor keep peace between Theffect and it! Come to my womans breasts, And take my milk for gall, you murdring ministers (1.5 39-47)2 She follows the stereotype of her time, which associates masculinity with control, strength, and success; and femininity with weakness, loss of control, and disorder.3 Although she is a woman, she is somewhat an androgynous person because she does not conform with the conventional qualities of a Medieval woman, a female bird who takes care of her husband and children and does housework without meddling in mens jobs like politics. This is the definition of a domestic woman that is seen as natural in the society. However, Lady Macbeth is not a mother and furthermore, she has hostile feelings against children and motherhood. I have given suck, and know How tender tis to love the babe that milks me- I would, while it was smiling in my face, Have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums, And dashed the brains out (1.7 54-58)4 Lady Macbeths political ambition is greater than her husbands in the beginning of the play. She uses her sexuality in order to persuade Macbeth to kill Duncan, and besides, she always touches on his masculinity by blaming Macbeth for not being a man, as he hesitates to commit murder. Contrary to the conventional patriarchal family, we see that Lady Macbeth is dominant over her husband, partly due to his nature which is full oth milk of human kindness (1.4 16)5 and partly due to Lady Macbeths skill in using her sexual charm. When she reads Macbeths letter informing about the prophecies of the witches, she becomes afraid that the potential good in her husbands nature will prevent him from killing the King, then she comforts herself by thinking that she can persuade her husband easily. Hie thee hither, That I may pour my spirits in thine ear, And chastise with the valour of my tongue All that impedes thee from the golden round, Which fate and metaphysical aid doth seem To have thee crowned withal. (1.5 24-29)6 Her influence upon her husband and her great ambition for power cause her to go mad when she loses both of them. When Macbeth kills Duncan, with the encouragement of Lady Macbeth, he abandons the potential good in him and gives less and less importance to his wife, once his dearest partner of greatness. (1.5 10)7 He doesnt inform her about his later crimes -killing Macduffs family and Banquo, as he doesnt need her anymore to commit murder. With the change in Macbeths character, their marriage loses its passion, as Macbeth loses his emotional intimacy to his wife, being only concerned with keeping his seat. However, Lady Macbeth has predicted different conclusions when they kill Duncan. She has aspired for being queen and meddling in politics and feeling power. Also she has thought that their marriage would be more intimate when Macbeth says her Bring forth men-children only!/For thy undaunted mettle should compose/Nothing but males8 However, Macbeth loses all his emotions and passions for Lady Macbeth when he is entrapped in his evil actions. She loses not only her husband but also her access to power; therefore she goes mad and commits suicide as a result of her unnatural acts. Shakespeare introduces us the character of Lady Macduff, so that we can understand how unnatural Lady Macbeth is. Lady Macduff is a domestic woman, the accepted role for women in the Medieval age (actually in all ages), looking after her children, sitting at home waiting for her husband faithfully and not meddling in politics. She is just the opposite of Lady Macbeth, who rather behaves like a male. The common characteristics of Lady Macbeth and the witches, reflects the Medieval understanding that sees non-domestic women as witches and burns them alive. Just like Lady Macbeth, the witches are hostile towards children, as they put finger of birth-strangled babe (4.1 30)9 into their magical mixture in a cauldron. They also meddle in politics by the prophecies they make, and cause Macbeth to usurpe the crown by killing the gentle and trustful King Duncan. Macbeth kills all those people because of their prophecies, that Banquos children will become kings and Macduff will be a threat to him. Both the witches and Lady Macbeth are shown as the temptators, similar to the Christian teaching that Eve seduced Adam to commit the original sin. The death of Lady Macbeth reflects the victory of male-dominated society, which does not tolerate an unnatural woman challenging to their power and condemn it as a witch. In Shakespeares patriarchal world, the ideal woman is seen as a passive docile and above all selfless creatureBut behind the angel lurks the monster: the obverse of the male idealization of women is the male fear of femininity. The monster women is the woman who refuses to be selfless, acts on her own initiative, who has a story to tellin short, a woman who rejects the submissive role patriarchy has reserved for her.10 Shakespeare creates this monster -Lady Macbeth- with his own hands, but he decides to kill her in the tragedy of Macbeth. Whereas, we see that he welcomes this monster, Rosalind, in his comedy of As You Like It. First of all, he makes her the most dominant character in the play, among many male characters such as Orlando, Jacques or Touchstone. Rosalinds wit and rhetoric puts her a higher place than all male and female characters, which is really revolutionary in the conventional idea that grudges knowledge for females. In Christianity, the tree of knowledge is considered a sin for women; however we see Shakespeare creating a female character that has the most knowledge in the play. Although she is disguised as a young male in order to protect herself in an unknown forest, she frees herself from the restrictions imposed upon women in this way, and she shows that she has the equal -and perhaps more capacity of knowledge and intelligence with men. Rosalind provides us a real perspective of a female on the issues of love and male-female relationships, which shows the androgynous mind of Shakespeare, who can use his brains female part and give a correct female perspective. Rosalind challenges the stereotype that women want Platonic love, which means the mens woving to love them forever, writing love poems for them and expressing their love in a highly emotional way. She doesnt like them. Although she is many fathom deep..in love (4.1 201)11 with Orlando, she tries to dissuade him from loving her by telling about the bad sides of marriage disguised as Ganymede. She says that if they marry, Rosalind would be more jealous of him than a Barbary cock-pigeon over his hen, more clamorous than a parrot against rain, more new-fangled than an ape, more giddy in..desires than a monkey. (4.1 145-148)12 Of course she wont behave like that. But she doesnt want a blind lover like Orlando, who says she will love her forever, and a day (4.1 140)13, which she protests with a rhetoric answer that expresses the evolving nature of relationships. Say a day without the everNo, no, Orlando, men are April when they woo, December when they wed; maids are May when they are maids, but the sky changes when they are wives (4.1 141-144)14 Rosalind has the control in her relationship with Orlando and she instructs him in order to mature his immatured love for her, which is really unnatural for the conventional society. In fact, a conventional reader would think Rosalind as a male and Orlando as a female, if he/she only read their words without knowing their sexes. She has the male attributed qualities of reason and strength, while Orlando has the female attributed qualities of emotion and weakness, which show us that all of these characteristics are universal to human beings and they should not be appropriated for a single race. Rosalind is an admired figure among feminists for her ability to subvert the limitations that society imposes on her as a woman.15 She is dominant in all aspects of the story; and her masculine behaviour, which leads Lady Macbeth to disaster in the end of the tragedy of Macbeth, results in happy ending in the comedy of As You Like It. Therefore, it is possible to claim that Shakespeares Macbeth is misogynist and As You Like It is feminist. Although it is difficult to generalize this idea for all the tragedies and comedies of Shakespeare, when we look at his Winters Tale, which is half tragedy and half comedy, it is also half misogynist and half feminist. In the first part of the play, the great misogynist Leontes rises as a paranoid, who makes himself believe that his wife Hermione is cheating him with his best friend Polixenes while there is no reason. Leontes despotism over Hermione, and Hermiones docile obedience to her husband reflect the conventional situation of women and mens hegemony over them. When Leontes accuses her of being an adultress and puts her into prison, Hermione remains passive and obedient with expressing her belief in providence: if powers divine Behold our human actions, as they do, I doubt not then but innocence shall make False accusation blush and tyranny Tremble at patience (3.2 23-33)16 The other woman character, Paulina strikes the reader with her fearless criticism of Leontes, the King of Sicily, whom the Queen Hermione can not say a word. When she learns that Hermione gives birth a daughter in the prison, she takes the baby to Leontes, hoping that she would soften him. She insists on calling Hermione good queen in spite of Leontes rage, and she says Good queen, my lord, good queen, I say good queen, /And would by combat make her good, so were I / A man, the worst about you. (2.3 72-74)17Leontes can not tolerate her apparent insolence and accuses Antigonus of not controlling his wife, which is the requirement of masculinity. When Leontes threatens Paulina by saying Ill ha thee burnt (2.3 146)18, she answers with a courage no man an show: I care not. It is an heretic that makes the fire, Not she which burns in t. Ill not call you tyrant; But this most cruel usage of your queen, Not able to produce more accusation Than your own weak-hinged fancy, something savors Of tyranny, and will ignoble make you, Yea, scandalous to the world. (2.3 147-155)19 In this manner, we can see Paulina as a transgressive woman, who challenges the king regardless of her place determined by the male society. Although she is unsuccessful in the first part of the play, which is a tragedy, she becomes the chief advisor of Leontes in the second half of the play, which is a comedy. Being repentant of what he has done, Leontes obeys her this time, when she urges him not to remarry. Also the happy ending of the play, the resurrection of Hermione takes place in Paulinaa house, which shows the dominance of a strong female in the comedy part of the play. By looking at the three plays by Shakespeare, we can conclude that the unnatural and transgressive women always lose in tragedies, whereas they become successful and have a happy ending in comedies. Therefore, it is possible to say that Shakespeares tragedies are misogynist and his comedies are feminist.

How Will E-Books Affect The Future of Learning Essay

How Will E-Books Affect The Future of Learning - Essay Example The questions would pertain to its impact on the publishers, its impact on the level of reading, the life span of a particular piece of work and various other questions which come to mind naturally. With transition from existing form of book reading to the digital means, there is a need for preserving the large amount of text that is being written over centuries that pertains to the cultural values, the pre historic times, stages of mankind’s progress to modern day and all other important pieces of writing. Such factors must be taken into account and proper working and bodies should be constituted to ensure no work of literature and history is lost in pursuit of modern trends and transition. It’s possible impact on the artists, poets, and other literature associated personnel must be taken into account since transition in that domain may not be as easy, as it might appear in the context of science and technology. A salient feature of electronic reading is in form of the dictionaries, nearly all electronic reading devices come up with dictionaries. In past, the readers had to carry separate book in form of dictionary for purpose of finding their meanings. Dictionaries come in form of softwares which are mere few mega bytes in space. The new form of book readings makes reading far easy. It enables the access to any book online without waiting to go to the stores which might be away from a particular station. Websites like Amazon and few others are the foundation brick towards it since they are the world’s largest online books domains .large amount of customers ranging in millions are registered over the website, which speaks of the popularity and increase in trend of e book reading. Electronic books will be available on the mobile phones, special electronic reading devices, laptops, and other gadgets, hence the domain of reading and its access becomes broad and would spread at a faster rate compared to the conventional form of reading that ex isted in past(Adams & Hamm, 2005). The large amount of hand held devices specifically made for online book reading are promoting this trend further. With gadgets like I-pad and Amazon Kindle easily available in market and having staggeringly positive outcomes from its sales, one can predict the future to be purely dominated by electronic books. The e-books will have an advantage over the conventional form of books in many aspects, which not only includes the price, but also the spacing consideration, the ease of access, and various other features. A small but intriguing feature of the e books is the illumination independence. While reading the conventional hard form of book requires illumination in the background, the electronic books can be read even in absence of light in the background since the source of electronic book, which are mostly the handheld devices and e-readers, provide light in itself. The electronic book concept gives rise to the virtual institutes and that we alrea dy see being implemented across the world in various forms of data bases and online learning centers. It will wash out the limits defined by boundaries and will enable any piece of work to be read and accessed by a person sitting in other corner of the world million miles in distance. Electronic books

Access to Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Access to Care - Essay Example The article indicates that the healthcare reform in Massachusetts has triggered growth of total healthcare employment per capita. However, the growth was primarily based on administrative occupations and patient care support professionals and not amongst physicians and nurses. This is probably because the physicians complained of the administrative burden that the law imposed on them. The program may be costly because of the need to employ more physician and nurses. Increased access to care will have a great impact on physician who may in turn get dissatisfied with their jobs and perhaps quit. The increased access will promote third party payment arrangements, which largely compromises the independence and integrity of the medical profession. Moreover, the physicians will be subjected to increased government regulation as well as oversight and will mostly be dependent on unreliable government reimbursement for medical services thus resulting into tremendous pressure amongst the practitioners. Patient centered health care reform should be adopted that restores doctor patient relationship thus making physicians the key decision makers in the delivery of care as patients become key decision makers in financial care but not the government. Staiger, D. O., Auerbach, D. I., & Buerhaus, Peter R.N. (2011). Health Care Reform and the Health Care Workforce -- The Massachusetts Experience.  The New England Journal of Medicine,  365(12), e24. Retrieved from

Microsoft Company Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words

Microsoft Company Analysis - Assignment Example The Company also designs and sells hardware, and delivers online advertising to the customers. The Company operates in five segments: Windows & Windows Live Division (Windows Division), Server and Tools, Online Services Division (OSD), Microsoft Business Division (MBD), and Entertainment and Devices Division (EDD). The Company’s products include operating systems for personal computers (PCs), servers, phones, and other intelligent devices; server applications for distributed computing environments; productivity applications; business solution applications; desktop and server management tools; software development tools; video games, and online advertising. It also designs and sells hardware, including the Xbox 360 gaming and entertainment console, Kinect for Xbox 360, Xbox 360 accessories, and Microsoft PC hardware products. In July 2012, the Company purchased Edgewater Fullscopes Process Industries 2 (PI2) software and intellectual property. In July 2012, Comcast Corp. acquir ed the Companys 50% stake in MSNBC.com. In October 2012, it acquired PhoneFactor Inc. On July 18, 2012, it acquired Yammer, Inc. (Reuters). Another key acquisition made in 2011 is Skype, Ciao, and Videosurf. On the other hand, apart from these, the company is also very active in the emerging cloud computing business, with cloud-based software and services being the core components of the cloud solution. Usage payments together with advertising are the key sources of revenues for its cloud business. These cloud offerings include Bing, Xbox Live, Windows Live, Microsoft Office 365, Microsoft Dynamics CRM, and Azure. These services are offered either individually or as part of solution suites. In all the company is present in more than 100 countries and basically has a planet-wide business, in concert with its key competitors.  

System development life cycle

System development life cycle The report contains the brief overview of the system development life cycle followed in Shriv Commedia Solutions Pvt Ltd. The project includes the adequate technical details about the different phases including the practical example of Bank management system developed by SCMS for its client Corporate Bank. The methodology followed by SCMS for scheduling the project (using Gantt chart) and the software used in assisting the planning process are described in report. Various tests including the feasibility test conducted by system analyst and technical tests conducted by developer are mentioned with the procedure followed during the testing process. The possible threats which may result to the loss of information have been described in the report and the recommendations (solutions) to avoid such threats are also discussed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In general, the report includes the procedure of the information system development in SCMS along with the practical description of the SDLC process, Gantt chart, testing process and the threats for the information system (with recommendations). Relevant examples are included wherever felt necessary to facilitate the reader for easy understanding of the report. Shriv Commedia Solutions Pvt ltd (SCMS) is a dedicated software based company which focuses in areas like Software development, Web designing, Multimedia services, Outsourcing, E-commerce, Technical writing, Search engine optimization and testing solutions, providing the services to the clients ranging from public to private sector. Shriv Commedia Solutions Pvt Ltd has been operating under the software development atmosphere since 2001. It has its head office located in India and the branches in UK, Canada and US, all of them focusing on finest, cost-effective and timely solutions. With the main pillars, mission, vision and values, SCMS has been rapidly progressing in todays competitive IT world. It has been successful in providing the innovative and perfect solutions to its clients with the client based approach.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  From the list of systems developed by SCMS we have decided to discuss the Bank management system developed for ‘corporate bank’ by SCMS. Corporate bank was established on 1906 and is one of the imperative clients of SCMS since 2004. The system developed by SCMS for Corporate bank is designed in the way to achieve the maximum security for the databases used to store the details about all the banking transactions as well as the account details of the costumers. It is also capable of recording the data of the bank employees. For example, Employee payroll records, details of employee and the attendance of employee. The system developed is able to work with all, internet, intranet as well as extranet. It was also optimized to work with different operating system and was capable to be upgraded along with the introduction of the new technology. Taking the same banking management system developed by SCMS into consideration, each of the development methodology is discussed further in the project. Information System Model in Shriv ComMedia Solutions Pvt. Ltd. Information System Model states an elementary conceptual outline for the major components and activities of information system. In Shriv Commedia Solution Pvt. Ltd, information system depends on the resource of people, software, hardware, data and networks to perform input, processing, output and storage and control activities that converts data resource into information products. Information system Model of Shriv ComMedia Solutions Pvt. Ltd. illustrates that information system consists of 5 major Components: 1. PEOPLE RESOURCES: In SCMS people (end users and IS specialists) are necessary for the function of all information system. 2. SOFTWARE RESOURCES: it includes all sets of information processing instructions 3. HARDWARE RESOURCES: It comprises of all the physical materials and devices used in information processing. Machines: All physical devices: Computers, peripherals and telecommunication networks. Media: all tangible objects in which data is recorded Hardware resource in SCMS 4. DATA RESOURCE:- Data are raw facts and figures typically about physical phenomena or business transaction. Data constitutes a valuable organizational resource. SCMS process data into information and organize it for future use. In SCMS data resource of information system are typically organized into 5. NETWORK RESOURCE: It includes the means of communication within the organization or with the outside world like internet, intranet by which data or information can be transferred between the different departments of the organization. Telecommunication network like internet, intranet and extranet have become essential for the organizations. Network resources includes System Development Lifecycle generally consists of the five phases including Planning, Analysis, design, implementation and support. All the five phases are arranged together and used to build the information system. Followings are some of the SDLC model used by SCMS depending on the softwares requirement: Waterfall Model Prototype Model Iterative Model Spiral Model Agile software Development Model RAD Model   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Shriv Commedia Solutions (SCMS) they first take the user requirements and decide which type of models should be followed for the development of the system. The second step will be to organize the activities by grouping them into larger categories called phases. In this way the phases are formed into the loop with support phase pointing to the planning phase whenever there is the necessity to change in the information system. The change is determined by the users want of information in different format, release of new version, or due to the hardware becoming obsolete. When the changes occur the planning phase begins again and some part of whole of the system is modified and the system development lifecycle starts again. When corporate Bank offered the project of developing ‘Bank management System’ to Shriv Commedia Solutions, Spiral Model was followed there in order to develop Bank Management System. They selected spiral Model since it provides early indication of undefeatable risks and users can be closely tied to all lifecycle steps. SCMS arranges its system development process in following order. 1. Planning Phase:- The client requests are reviewed by the steering committee (decision making body) which consists of 7-8 people in SCMS including vice president, managers and non-managerial employees. During this phase: Project ideas are collected and reviewed Project ideas are prioritized Allocate resources Project Development team is formed 2. Analysis Phase:- Gather Customer requirements: Following techniques are used by SCMS for collecting the requirements from the customers: Interviews Questionnaires Client Documents Scenarios Rapid Prototypes Select and justify a project (feasibility test) Submit and approve the request for proposal Get the project team in place Prepare the requirements documents Conduct project kick-off meeting Develop Statement of Scope WBS Development: Conduct ‘work break down Structure’ meeting Build work break down Structure Update WBS in project plan Outline project plan Assign resources to project plan tasks Create entity relationship diagram (ERD) Create Data Flow Diagram (DFD) Define data dictionary Perform object-oriented analysis 3. Design phase:- Acquire hardware and software needed for the project Design data model Write functional specifications Design prototypes Write detailed design specifications Write documentation plan Write beta test plan Write customer support plan Write training plan Write risk management plan 4. Implementation phase:- Development AND Unit Testing of Module(1-n) Testing Integration Software Quality Assurance (SQA) System test Track defects Regression test Manage Release and Change Configuration management New full releases Maintenance releases Installing and testing of new system Install beta test system Conduct beta tests Track defects and report to customer support Gather requirements for customizations Implement software Execute customer acceptance test procedure Cutover development to production Training Develop training specification for end users, help desk support staff Identify training delivery methodology i.e. computer based, classroom Develop training materials Develop training delivery mechanism 5. Support:- Post implementation system review:- Document lessons learned Distribute to team members Create software maintenance team Identify errors and enhancement Monitor the performance of system Shriv ComMedia Solutions Pvt. Ltd. Followed the same method discussed above for accomplishing the project offered by the Corporate Bank Following steps are used in SCMS to create a Gantt chart:- 1. All activities or task are listed in plan They find out the earliest possible date of all the tasks or activities of project and estimate the length of time it will take and check whether it is parallel or sequential. If the task is sequential they show the stages on which it depends. They use the X axis of the graph paper for the date, week or months required for the completion of the project and Y axis to itemize the tasks in its order 2. Plotting the tasks onto the plan They list the tasks in Y axis on the left hand side of the page and to draw up a rough first draft of the Gantt chart, they plot each task on the plan showing it starting on the earliest possible date. They draw each task as a horizontal bar with the length of the bar being the length of the time the task will take. Above each task bar they mark the estimated time taken to complete the task. 3. Schedule the tasks Now they redraw the Gantt chart on a fresh sheet to schedule actions and tasks. They schedule these in such a way that sequential actions are carried out in the desired sequence e.g. dig holes then lay the foundation and then start construction. They also ensure that these dependent activities do not start until the activities they depend on have been totally completed They try to schedule parallel task so that they do not interfere the sequential action on the critical path. While scheduling they make sure that they are making the best use of time and resource available to them. Once their Gantt chart is drawn one can see how long it will take to complete the project. Assessment process begins as soon as the requests are received in SCMS. They perform the various feasibility evaluations in order to know how suitable the development of a system will be to the company. The feasibility test process conducted by SCMS for the project request of Corporate Bank consisted 3 phases: The feasibility tests performed by system analyst of SCMS were: 1. Operational Feasibility: Operational feasibility was based on the following parameters: The effectiveness of the proposed system in corporate bank. Impact of new system in existing system User preferences (collected from interview) Requirements of the new system 2. Schedule feasibility: Following parameters were responsible for schedule feasibility The deadline of the project (either reasonable or not) Estimated time for project completion 3. Technical feasibility: Following things were considered during technical feasibility: Hardware and software required for project Availability of the people to deliver and support the proposed system 4. Economic feasibility: In SCMS the economic feasibility test was conducted by system analyst with the assistance of financial analyst. Following were the parameters looked upon for economic feasibility: Benefits of the proposed system to the corporate bank Cost-Benefit relation regarding the system use After the feasibility test was conducted the system analyst submitted the feasibility report to the steering committee recommending the further study (detailed analysis) of the corporate bank. Feasibility report in case of SCMS was a written document submitted with the details of the existing system, benefits of new system and recommendation. The implementation phase in SCMS consists of four major phases: Development of the program Testing of the new system Train the users Convert to new system SCMS generally uses two methods for the development of the program. Outsourcing the program Developing the program SCMS sometimes outsource the software required for them but most of the times the development process is favoured. During the preparation of the software for Corporate Bank following software and technologies were used by SCMS. The tests performed by SCMS for verifying the Bank management system designed for Corporate Bank were: 1. Functional Testing: The main objective of the functional test was to ensure that each of the elements of the system meets the user requirements. The requirements were: Requirements placed by user (corporate bank) Business Design Specification Year 2000 development standard Different phases of functional testing were: a. Validation Test It basically checked the Windows GUI standards, Valid, invalid and limit data input, Screen and field look and appearance, and Overall consistency with rest of the units. b. Specific functional test (UNIT TEST) Low level tests which were conducted to test the individual process and data flow. 2. System Test: This test was performed to check whether all the units of the application were working together to produce the output and there is no gaps in the data flow from one unit to other. 3. Integration Test: Integration test was performed by connecting the application with the different other application. The performance of the application with different other software was noted and the application was verified based on the results. 4. Performance Testing: This test was carried out to verify that the system provides the acceptable response time (should not exceed 4 seconds). 5. Regression Testing: The main objective of the regression test was to observe the functionality and stability of the software. It was automated with the help of the automated testing tools. Test environment available in visual studio and NUnit software was used to automate the testing of the application designed for Corporate Bank. Several formal reviews were carried before and during the tests and they were documented. The major formal review points were placed in different stages of testing as shown in the diagram: When all the tests were performed by the developer and all the errors /bugs were fixed, the additional tests were performed to ensure that system was working in integrated manner. In this way the application designed for the corporate bank was verified by the developers team. During the system development in SCMS there are various security that arises which may lead to the information loss. Following are some of the security risks and their solutions to prevent the information loss: 1. Server Downtime: Risk: Server downtime may cause the server to stop working so that the entire computer bridged with the server will be unable to connect with server. This may cause the loss of the information when the information is being sent to server. Solution: Before upgrading or migrating to a different physical server, make sure servers pass all tests prior to full deployment, and test and debug all applications prior to full deployment. 2. Obsolete application and tools: Risk: Due to the defect in the application and tools the loss of the information may occur. Hardware crashes and Software failure may occur causing the information loss. Solution: Make the careful inventory of the all applications and tools currently in use, prior to system implementation. Always use the trusted Hardware brands and software brands to avoid the hardware/software failure. Benchmarking testing can prove fruitful to check the hardware or software. 3. Computer Virus, Worms and Trojans: Risks: These are the malicious-logic program which act without user knowledge can alter the computers operation and result to information loss. Solutions: Following measures can be adopted to prevent the computer viruses, worms and Trojans: Prevent starting the computer with removable media in drives. Never open an e-mail attachment from source other than trusted. Set the macro security level to medium in the word processing or spreadsheet programs. Install the genuine version of the operating system Install the good antivirus software (updatable, reliable and efficient) 4. Denial of Service (DoS) attack: Risk: A DoS attack is designed to overload the server. The perpetrators use the softwares of codes to send thousand of requests to the server so that the valid user cant connect the server. Solution: The best way to prevent the DoS attack is not letting the DoS style attacks near the webserver. The tools like apaches mod_security or mod_dosevasive/mod_evasive can be used to drop the abusive IP address at the firewall before they get anywhere near the webserver. 5. Backdoors: Risk: Backdoors are the programmer created algorithms which bypass security mechanisms and provides the access to the programs so as to access the program for troubleshooting or saving the development time. But hackers and crackers use backdoors to gain access to program and inject the malicious code to the program causing the information loss. Solutions: Scan for the Backdoors with the help of tools available in market. Eg: SpyHunter security tool Update the antispyware software For developer: Try avoiding the backdoors during the design phase or eliminate the backdoors before the delivery of the software to the client. 6. Hardware Failure: Risk: Hardware failure can cause the loss of information stored in hard drives. Solutions: Frequently backup the hard drives Use Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) to prevent hardware crashes Online Storage of the data and information After the research conducted on the System Development lifecycle of Shriv Commedia Solutions Pvt Ltd we came to conclude that the company (SCMS) follows the general five phases of the information system development cycle for the project received. It follows all the five phases thoroughly and tends to meet the user requirements by developing the perfect matching solutions for their business.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We came to know that the system analyst has the major role in the development process as he/she acts as the bridge between both users and developers. Analyst is the person who conducts the feasibility tests and decides the suitability of the project for company. The project development team consisting of different level of employees work on the project, as scheduled on Gantt chart, designed by the project leader. SCMS conducts the different tests during and after the designing of the application to make the application error-free before it is delivered to the client. There are also many security threats for the application which may cause the information loss. By the help of the research we came to know the measures to eliminate the security risks and protect the loss of information.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In general, after the research on SCMS and its system development methodology in case of Corporate Bank (one of its client) we had the detailed knowledge of the different phases of the information system development lifecycle and the possible threats for the information loss.

A Freudian Reading of Hamlet and Titus Andronicus Essay -- comparison

A Freudian Reading of Hamlet and Titus Andronicus  Ã‚     Ã‚   In 1900 the eminent Austrian psychologist Sigmund Freud produced a seminal work entitled The Interpretation of Dreams which contains the idea that dreams allow psychic exploration of the soul, that dreams contain psychological meanings which can be arrived at by interpretation. Freud states that â€Å"every dream will reveal itself as a psychological structure, full of significance, and one which may be assigned to a specific place in the psychic activities of the waking state.† According to Freud’s original formulations dreams have two contents, a manifest content which is the dream that one actually experiences and a latent content which is the meaning of the dream as discovered by interpretation. Literature can be thought of in the same manner, as a figment of the imagination whose underlying truth can be discovered through interpretation. A piece of literature may have a truth to tell but it can may remain hidden to us until such time as we interpret its signs. According to Freud there are three routes into the unconscious; dreams, parapraxes (or slips of the tongue) and jokes, and it is evident that psychoanalysis asks us to pay a lot of attention to language, in puns, slips of the tongue etc. This suggests how psychoanalysis is directly related to literary criticism, since both kinds of analysis focus on close readings of language. Therefore, by understanding Freudian theory, we can gain a deeper understanding of literature. This essay attempts to discover how Freud’s psychoanalytical accounts of human nature can bring us to a deeper understanding of the family relationships at work in Shakespeare’s Hamlet and Titus Andronicus. According to Freud’s The Interpr... ...s, in Bevington, David Twentieth Century Interpretations of Hamlet. (New Jersey:Prentice Hall, 1968) Kovesi, Dr S. Lecture handout ‘Titus Andronicus and Psychoanalysis’ (2001) Shakespeare, W. Hamlet and Titus Andronicus in The Oxford Shakespeare ed. Olver, H.J (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982) Information regarding Freud’s theory and works taken from website addresses http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Crete/4158 (General information) http://www.freudpage.com/en-us/freud/psychotheory1.html (Classic Psychoanalytic Theory) http://www.mii.kurume-u.ac.jp/~leuers/Freud.htmn (Psychoanalytic Theory) http://www.geocities.com/~mhrowell/ (Psychoanalytic Theory) http://fox.klte.hu/~keresofi/psychotherapy/index.shtml (Dictionary of Psychoanalytical Terms) http://www.vuw.ac.nz/psyc/vornikFreud/FRONT.HTM (General information and Psychoanalytic Theory)   

Intercultural Communications Essay

My stepmother was born in Masan, the countryside of Korea, to a family of four daughters. My step-grandfather was a hard working man. He had a small taxi and truck business. My mother’s youth was during the recovering of the war. My mom has told me stories about growing up. She rarely got nice things unlike how a lot of Korean children now get today. However, she says growing up was not as hard as most kids during the time. â€Å"Korean kids have to learn how to respect their elders,† my mother states. â€Å"For example at the dinner table you do not start eating until the elders start.† She says that hitting kids was a common thing and teachers even hit their students who failed to do assignments and do their responsibilities. It is also part of Korean culture for the eldest son to take care of the parents. Back then; the parents would even live with the eldest son even after he has married. Today, it has changed a lot and most parents would rather live alone. Children are supposed to live at home with their parents until marriage. In the United States, it was not as strict. It was common for men to move out of their parents home at eighteen and start working or go to college. These days not all Koreans still follow the culture but still, many do. Back then, Korea was recovering from war and a lot of parents were focused on their children’s education. They would do anything for their education. So, kids would do nothing but study. â€Å"I would go to school at seven in the morning and not finish until ten at night. I ate breakfast, lunch, and dinner at school,† my mom says. She studied a lot. Generally, Korea’s students study a lot more and harder than the average American. It was not until around high school years when her father made more money and became successful. My stepmom even paid for most of her college and travel expenses. She traveled to Australia to learn English and did a lot of missionary work all over the world years later. I think all of those years of studying hard paid off for her. I learned that my mom is very strict about certain things pertaining to me because of how she was raised. For Christmas, she received an orange. In today’s world, it is common for kids to go out to the mall and hang out with their friends and buy a few things. At least, that is how it is in America. My mom did not have that. In her view, kids are not really supposed to receive much money from their parents. The money should stay with the parents. I learned that the United States and Korea today share some culture similarities and some drastic differences. I feel that by learning more about cultures outside of your own one really opens up new ideas and different ways of thinking. By learning more about Korean culture over the years, I feel that I have become an a lot more open minded individual and it has made me a stronger today. Works Cited: Kim, Tara. Personal Interview. 1 Nov. 2011

Prose Commentary, Pat Barker Essay

The title of the book from which this excerpt is taken, â€Å"Regeneration,† highlights what I see as the main theme in this thought provoking prose piece. This piece of prose raises images for me of the moist dampness, humid soil, death and the prospect of life arising from the continuation of the cycle of life and death. These Images are shown in phrases such as the final sentence, which says, â€Å"Now they could dissolve into the earth as they were meant to.† This sentence is the one which stuck out most to me in the whole excerpt; I found it very powerful in that it brings out the theme of â€Å"regeneration† to the reader and it is a sentence which sticks in your mind. I can see this as an overall whole picture, where â€Å"Burns,† who I view as a returning soldier, perhaps from the Gulf War given the date, experiences, and successfully faces one of his terrible fears, picked up from the war, of bloody, dead â€Å"corpses,† and through this finds the prospect of soul peace before him. I also see that nature and the cycle of life as a big theme in this excerpt as it shows up in nearly every line. Words such as, â€Å"rain,† â€Å"mud,† â€Å"trees† and â€Å"wind† support this. The narrative structure of this excerpt is also important, because it is as if the story of â€Å"Burns† is being told by someone else and so it is likely not subject to the bias of the actual person’s account. In the first three paragraphs, rain and the wetness of the land is a large part of describing, setting the scene and the tone of the rest of the excerpt. The author creates a feeling about â€Å"Burns†, that he is somewhat stranded, for the writing states, â€Å"He didn’t know what to do† and â€Å"so long since he’d been anywhere alone.† As well as creating a â€Å"lost† feeling this sentence confirms the thoughts, though not directly, that â€Å"Burns† is a returning soldier. The use of the words, â€Å"Raindrops dripped† with the repeated â€Å"d† sound, creates the patter of large raindrops. â€Å"Persistent† and â€Å"monotonous† link up with each other to remind the reader of the continuity of the wetness. When â€Å"Burns† reaches a fence, he sees that, â€Å"A tuft of grey wool had caught on one of the barbs.† Perhaps an animal had once quite recently struggled to free itself from this discontinuity in nature as â€Å"Burns† does when he too gets caught on a barb just like an animal. The repetition of the â€Å"b† sound in â€Å"Burns blinked,† carries on the theme of the persistence of the rain. Throughout the whole of the third paragraph there is another repetition of the â€Å"b† sound, this time though it is used to bring out the sound of the thud and plodding of â€Å"Burns† in â€Å"his mud encumbered boots†. There is also a repetition of the â€Å"s† sound in words such as â€Å"slipping and stumbling† for exactly that, to create the sound of someone slipping in the wet mud. The writer also uses words such as â€Å"cold†, â€Å"khaki† and â€Å"tight cloth† to create a chilling stiff sou nd to make the reader feel the cold that â€Å"Burns† is experiencing. In the next two paragraphs, the author makes the wind and its severity, an impacting factor on â€Å"Burns'† progress toward the safety that he seeks. The wetness of the setting which surrounds â€Å"Burns† is also again a major influence in his quest. The tone of these two paragraphs is much more severe than the first three. The author says that the wind tries to â€Å"scrape† â€Å"Burns† â€Å"off its side.† suggesting that the situation has become more intense. That line is very effective literally because the word â€Å"scrape† is an onomatopoeic word and when joined together with â€Å"side† it creates an alliterating â€Å"s† sound. The fact that he has to keep his â€Å"head bent† and the â€Å"Rain beat onto his head† both confirm the increased severity of the weather. When the weather is so bad that the distance vanishes in a â€Å"veil of rain†, the alliterating â€Å"v† sound bringing out the hum of the constant rain, â€Å"Burns'† survival instinct kicks in and he decides to take shelter, running â€Å"clumsily† toward a clump of trees. But again he is slowed to a walk because of the dragging mud. The words â€Å"mud dragged † are effective here, for even to say them together takes effort and your reading is slowed by them, amplifying their effect. The â€Å"sucking† of your reading is again shown in the words â€Å"mud-clogged boots†, the â€Å"d†, â€Å"g† and â€Å"b† sounds all together make the reader have to pronounce each syllable in a drawn out way. Where the author talks about, â€Å"the whine of shells† he is referring to the sound that you hear when you put a shell to your ear and compares it to the noise of the wind through the trees. In paragraph five the author shows the exhausted â€Å"Burns† so tired he cannot even be bothered to â€Å"wipe away† the rain drenching his face. In the next three paragraphs, the tone of the extract becomes quieter; there is neither mention of the intense rain nor the sound of it. The tone of the setting becomes almost sinister amongst the trees. â€Å"Burns† now in what he thinks is the safety of the trees continues to stumble and the writer again uses the repeated â€Å"b† sounds in the words, â€Å"began†, â€Å"stumbling†, â€Å"blindly† and â€Å"between† to show us that â€Å"Burns† has still not quite got his bearings right yet. The author uses the repeated â€Å"c† sounds in the words â€Å"catching†, â€Å"clumps† and â€Å"bracken† to the same effect. Because he is â€Å"stumbling† â€Å"blindly†, something â€Å"brushed† â€Å"Burns'† cheek and when he tried to push it away, his hand touched what he first thought to be slime. On turning to see what it was, â€Å"Burns† discovered that there was a â€Å"d ead mole, suspended, apparently, in air†. The use of commas in those few words are effective because they make the reader pause and thus put emphasis on a very important part of the extract, it begins the change in plot of the whole extract. â€Å"Its small pink hands folded on its chest.† suggests the authors’ feeling that the mole was innocent, but was still killed. The author provokingly compares the dead animals â€Å"Burns† sees to a â€Å"fruit† tree bearing, what the author makes you think are heavy fruit by using the word â€Å"laden†. Heavy fruit because they are generally more likely to smell of decay, which is what the dead animals are, decaying. The author quite interestingly uses animals from each part of the earth; the â€Å"magpies† from the sky; the â€Å"fox† from the ground and the â€Å"moles† from under the ground, this I see as a continuation of the regeneration theme carried on throughout the whole excerpt. I think that the fox scared â€Å"Burns† so much because it reminded of something that he saw in the war. Again in paragraph eight the trees are â€Å"against† â€Å"Burns†. The author uses the alliteration of the words â€Å"twigs tore† through the â€Å"t† sound to remind the reader of the snapping sound of twigs and the force that â€Å"Burns† was putting into getting away was enough to snap the twigs on his skin. It brings out how frightened he really was. The writer’s reference to â€Å"dead leaves† also fits in with the theme of â€Å"Regeneration† for dead leaves must â€Å"dissolve into the earth† to create nutrients for the trees from which they fell and thus continue the circle of life. In the short paragraph nine, the setting changes briefly once more because â€Å"Burns† goes out into the field once more. He splashes effectively through the alliterated â€Å"flooded furrows†, the â€Å"f† making the sound of the swishing water. â€Å"Burns† then hears a voice, probably the voice of a fellow soldier from the war. It is said to be the voice of a person named â€Å"Rivers†. I did find it quite ironic that the author of the book from which this excerpt is taken, would use the name â€Å"Rivers† for the voice which â€Å"Burns† hears because in Scotland a small river is called a burn. This brings out to me that the author is making the aspect of water very important to this particular scenario. I feel that the use of water here is important to the overall theme of regeneration because water is a key part in the cycle of life, it is the source of all life and so I think that this is why the author emphasises this point. The voice that â€Å"Burns† hears tells him that, â€Å"If you run now, you’ll never stop.† basically telling him to face his fear. This may be because perhaps â€Å"Burns† ran away from something before and did not face his fear. The last two paragraphs of the excerpt talk of â€Å"Burns† facing his fear, finding a peace amongst his dead â€Å"companions† and his finding a control which he did not have at the beginning of the excerpt. â€Å"Burns† turns back therefore facing his fears. The fact that the author talks about what the â€Å"real Rivers† might have said confirms that â€Å"Rivers† is a real person and he is probably still alive. When â€Å"Burns† lets down the dead animals he is allowing for the natural cycle of â€Å"Regeneration† to be complete. This seems to make him feel better for he sits down inside the circle of his â€Å"companions† who he no longer views as scary and is happy because, â€Å"Now they could dissolve into the earth as they were meant to do.† By facing his fear, â€Å"Burns† was regenerated in himself, this also made him content. The last line is the most important in the whole text; it sums up and puts into context the entire idea of Regeneration. In conclusion I would say that there is one main theme in this excerpt; it being the ongoing recurrence of the idea of â€Å"Regeneration† through the means of nature, water, the cycle of life and death and the facing of fear. It is also important to say that in order for regeneration to happen, something has to die.

Analysing The Parable Of The Sower Religion Essays

Analysing The Parable Of The Sower Religion Essays Analysing The Parable Of The Sower Religion Essay Analysing The Parable Of The Sower Religion Essay Essay Topic: Parable Of the Sower The Parable of the Sower is found in each of the synoptic Gospels, every bit good in the Book of Thomas. But why? Each of the authors must hold seen fit to include it for some ground or another. Luke saw the manner in which the fable could be used to turn to the hapless people of his clip. His concerns for the financially impaired and castaway were some of the most outstanding facets of his Gospel. He was besides really concerned with the predicament of adult females during his clip. Although it is found in the New Testament, many Church Fathers have written commentaries on this parable, analyzing different facets of the narrative and explicating their symbolism. The Parable of the Sower is non a actual narrative of a husbandman ; it is a manner in which Jesus conveys the message of God s Kingdom to the people who were listening by comparing himself and the message of God to a sower and a seed. Luke does non bespeak where Jesus is when he is giving this parable. However, it is known that Jesus is going with his apostles and with a group of Galilean adult females. This same group of adult females will besides go with Jesus to Jerusalem and be informants to his decease. But for now, they are prolonging their gypsy teacher out of their ain agencies ( Just 130-137 ) . It is besides of import to observe that going with adult females in this manner is counter-intuitive when looking back on the civilization of the clip. Womans were practically second-class citizens and the fact that Jesus was conveying them with him fits really nicely into Luke s positions of adult females s rights and demands during the clip he was composing. The crowd that Jesus is prophesying to is a slightly random mixture of people. The transition states a great crowd gathered and people from town after town came to him ( Luke 8: 4 ) . This suggests that there is a consolidative subject behind Jesus narratives. His ability to learn is impressive, but the fact that he can make out to so many people, including Greeks, Romans, Jews and Gentiles, is intriguing. There are adult females in the crowd every bit good, which comes as another surprise. The normal Semite tradition would non let adult females in an country or session such as this. Besides, it is noted that Jesus household is in the crowd, waiting to see him. He responds, stating that My female parent and my brothers are those who hear the word of God and make it ( Luke 8: 21 ) . This implies that Jesus has cut some of his secular ties and that the 1s who act in conformity to God s will is his household. This subdivision of the book consists of two chief parts: the parable and Jesus account of the parable. Jesus helps his adherents to understand his words, yet still uses a big sum of symbolism when he talks. For illustration, he spoke often about ears. Ears, in a scriptural context, frequently represent the credence or rejection God s word ( Macmillan Dictionary ) . Harmonizing to Cyril of Alexandria, Jesus clearly divides people into two classs: those who have been given by God cognition of the enigmas of the land, and the remainder, who do non cognize the enigmas ( Just 130-137 ) . Cyril is in understanding with the symbolic impression of ears because both transitions seem to split the audience into two cantonments: those who have heard or accepted God s word and those who have non. Both of these thoughts are utile in explicating this transition because Jesus subsequently says Let anyone with ears to hear listen, ( Luke 8: 8 ) proposing that anyone who has the capacity to hear and that is willing to understand and accept God s message should listen to his words. Basil the Great says that the ear gives entree to the bosom and the interior individual ( Just 130-137 ) . In this sense, the ears are an effectual manner of making a individual. By sharing the message of God, Jesus is efficaciously seeding the seeds of a fledgeling faith. Another word that is often used in the transition is seed. The seed, though it is chiefly used for agricultural intents, is described to exemplify forms of growing in the land of God ( Macmillan Dictionary ) in scriptural texts. In this instance, the seed is supposed to stand for the word of God and how it is received among the assorted peoples of the clip. Cyril of Alexandria says, in add-on to placing the seed as the Word of God, Jesus besides implies that the birds are the Satan, who snatches the good seed on the way ( Just 130-137 ) . The Satan is snaping the good seed by taking from the memory the words of the catechetical talks, says Symeon the New Theologian. Even the objects that impede the seeds growing on the way, such as the dry land and the irritants have implicit in significances. Ephrem says that the thankless psyche is like a tract for immorality and that the Word of God finds difficult dirt during times of persecution ( Just 130-137 ) . In this subdivision, Ephrem is indicating out that it is hard for the Word of God to distribute during times of utmost persecution. Peoples will be less likely to hear the Word if there is a solid menace of decease attach toing it. If the seed is the word of God, so the sower, the one distributing the seed, must be Jesus. Many Church Fathers wrote commentaries refering this portion of Luke s Gospel. They all tend to hold that Jesus was the sower in this fable. Harmonizing to Clement of Alexandria, he ( Jesus ) is the lone agriculturist of the dirt from the foundation of the existence. Cyril of Alexandria says Jesus is the sower who sows the seeds ( Just 130-137 ) . Even Origen seemed to hold, composing that Seed should non be sown beside the manner but in the manner itself, which is Jesus, who is the Way ( Just 130-137 ) . These three interpreted the parable to intend that Jesus is the chief figure of the parable. The sower is responsible for the future growing of the works and is supposed to works the seed where he thinks it will outdo flourish. If Jesus is the sower, it is his duty to make his best to give the seed a proper topographic point to get down and to assist the word of God spread every bit rap idly as possible. The Parable of the Sower is an of import message. However, it is known that Luke was non an eyewitness to most of Jesus ministries. Therefore, many of his histories must hold been taken from others. Because he is a secondary beginning, there are many differences in entering between his Gospel and the others. The disagreements normally concern what Jesus really said. For illustration, the Gospel of Matthew provinces that the individual who is like the seed sown along the way does non understand the word of God and is hence susceptible to the evil 1. However, Luke suggests that the word of God is stolen and that the people are non given the chance to understand it ( Hultgren 180-202 ) . The difference is that Matthew writes that a individual ( remarkable ) does non understand the word of God, where Luke suggests that the people ( plural ) are non given the word so hence they are robbed of the chance to understand God s message. Luke writes so that the people who are hapless or friendl ess can associate more readily to Christian beliefs. If they think that they are downtrodden because they have non been exposed to the message, they are more likely to accept the message in hopes of a better hereafter. Another facet that should be examined is the differences between the relations of the parable. The narrative appears in all three of the Synoptic Gospels, every bit good as the Coptic Gospel of Thomas. There are non any serious textual and translational jobs between the texts, aside from the aforesaid disagreements refering what Christ really said. However, the order in which the fables were written is evident. After analyzing verbal similarities between the Gospels, it can be concluded that both Matthew and Luke based their relation of the parable on Mark s version. Matthew writes in a really similar manner, which would bespeak that he drew his stuff from Mark. Luke s version is much shorter than Mark s ( Hultgren 180-202 ) . This shows that he borrowed stuff from Mark because it would be hard for him to compose a longer version of a narrative that he did non informant. The Parable of the Sower is one of the narratives that is used in each of the Synoptic Gospels. It has values that each of the authors can pull strings to suit their docket. Luke used the parable as a manner to turn to the demands of the hapless, the downtrodden, the castaway and the adult females. By using what Jesus said and somewhat altering the diction, he was able to link the message of God to the people with which he was concerned. He was a talented author with much more literary pattern than most of the people during his clip. However, the narrative that he relays about Jesus interactions with the hapless people have been the topic of examination by tonss of scriptural bookmans. Church Fathers look into fables like this one in order to understand the deeper significance behind the Word of God. It is this examination that displays the writers single concerns with the people of the clip. Luke s feelings toward the hapless and oppressed are highlighted by authors such as Origen and Cyril of Alexandria as they dig deep into the symbolism of Luke s authorship. However, this parable sheds another visible radiation on Jesus, demoing him as a instructor who accepts those who follow God s will as his household. The narrative that Luke portions is non about a husbandman and a seed ; it is about Jesus and his message. What we choose to make with that message now is all that affairs.

Measuring and Managing Foreign Exchange Risk Dissertation

Measuring and Managing Foreign Exchange Risk - Dissertation Example Although a firm may hedge its foreign exchange contracts, limiting its transaction exposure, economic exposure is difficult to estimate and further, hedge. Economic exposure arises because future profits from operating as importer or exporter depend on exchange rates, and due to its nature, this type of exposure is difficult to mute. (Faff & Iorio 2001, Mullem & Verschoor). (Mullem & Verschoor, 2005). However, there is greater complexity between the relationship between exchange rate fluctuations and competitiveness and this leads to difficulty in correctly estimating economic exposure and hence hedging it efficiently (Mullem & Verschoor, 2005). Firms that do business abroad must be ready to account for changes in exchange rates that lead to variability in their cash flows. (Solt & Lee, 2001). Transaction exposure reflects the risk that exchange rates change between the time a transaction is recorded and the time actual receipt of cash or payment of cash is made. (Solt & Lee, 2001). Due to its short-term nature futures and forwards can be used to hedge transaction exposure and thereby eliminate its influence on the value of a firm. (Solt & Lee, 2001). Economic exposure, on the other hand, is the long-term effect of exchange rate changes on the future cash flows and thereby on stock returns. (Solt & Lee, 2001).

Dr.Jekyell and Mr. Hyde Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dr.Jekyell and Mr. Hyde - Essay Example In such narratives, a character is divided â€Å"into two distinct, usually antithetical personalities† (Sosnoski 121). This observation becomes highly relevant in this context as Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, if they are interpreted according to basic essence of their character, entirely from the social perspective it becomes clear that they are antithetical. However, mastery of the narrative lies in the fact it has successfully been able to establish, especially with support of psychological interpretation that beneath layers of apparently furnished and sophisticated existence, there always lays a cruel and heinous self that everyone keeps suppressed. Dr. Jekyll, on one hand, while through his scientific experiments, is keen on explore his brutal and wild nature, the murky side of his existence, on the other, he is equally scared of the truth that once that wilderness in him is unleashed as Mr. Hyde, he would lose control over him. Thus, in order to control himself he asks for help from Dr. Lanyon: â€Å"Confident as I am that you will not trifle with this appeal, my heart sinks and my hand trembles at the bare thought of such possibility† (Stevenson 53). There is no denial of the fact that Dr. Jekyll has sufficient intellect to realize consequences of his deed but he always had a tremendous desire to enjoy â€Å"an honorable and distinguished future† (Stevenson 60). This very lust has acted as the main impetus to defy his consent and continue with his scientific experiments to create Hyde out of him. While he enjoyed being a respected member of the society, he also was highly enthusiastic to enjoy his primitive sel f and in both these context he has remained honest to equal extents: â€Å"Many a man would have even blazoned such irregularities as I was guilty of; but from the high views that I had set before me, I regarded and hid them with morbid sense of shame. †¦ the exacting

Biomedical model of health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Biomedical model of health - Essay Example It assumes that illness is caused by abnormalities in the body functioning rather than any other external reasons. For example, many of the heart problems, type two diabetics etc are dependent on the person’s actions and beliefs according to this theory rather than any other factors. It mainly works on the physical processes, such as the pathology, the biochemistry and the physiology of a disease rather than the social or individual factors. Modern western medicine is accepted biomedical model as the base of their medical practices. This theory considers our body just like a machine. Like machine parts the damaged human parts needed to be repaired or replaced in order to keep a sound health. In short, western model of medicine claims that the only valid way of assessing a patient is through the biomedical model of health. This paper critically analyses the above claim The focus of biological model is on physical causes. It assumes that psychological and social process has not many connections with the disease process (Taylor, p.11). â€Å"Social and psychological factors might be accepted as being of interest, but not with regard to actual disease† (Brain, p.257) The doctor will ask the details of the disease and the patient will be advised to undergo lab tests to monitor temperature, pulse, blood pressure etc. Based on the lab results and biological etiologies, the physician will prescribe a medicinal plan for the patient (The Biopsychosocial Model of Health and Illness). Biomedical model of health believe that instead of combined performances, an individual’s body and mind may work independently and cause physical or mental problems to the person. For example, eating disorder is a major problem for many people. In this case, instead of any external factors, the psychological or mental factors are causing problems to the person. In other words the physical illness of eating disorder is caused by mental factors and medicines for the correction of the

Evaluating Communication Strategies Essay Example for Free

Evaluating Communication Strategies Essay You are working as a human service worker at a local United Way agency that serves several multicultural clients. In addition to the multicultural aspect, the agency also serves children, women, the elderly, and the homeless. Your manager has asked you to decide the best communication approach for each of these clients. Answer the following questions: What would you need to learn or know about each of your clients in order to communicate effectively with them? What strategies or techniques do you believe would be the best approach to take when communicating with each of these clients? How might you need to adapt your communication approach from one individual to the next? Working in the Human Services field can provide you with many different types of job opportunities each requiring their own specific needs to clients, many different types of clients that is. To communicate in an effective way with clients getting to know about them is a great start. Listen is top priority to understanding and getting to know your clients. Active listening describes the effort on the part of the listener. Active listening involves giving verbal feedback on the content of what was said, along with recognition of the feelings underneath. Qualities of a good listener include: being non-aggressive, being self-confident, having the ability to let things go along with the ability to work things out. Listening opens the door to meaning. When you hear the person, understand the situation and the feelings, then you are in a position to take constructive action or to reply to her or him in a way that makes sense. Helpful listening helps people look at their ideas, plans, hopes, concerns, fears, etc. It helps them gather information, solve their problems themselves and try out other alternatives. * Communication may seem easy, but to many peoples surprise it is something that has to be learned and practiced. Some of us have developed poor listening skills; we may be judgmental or dont allow others to speak. Some of us may use close-ended questions exclusively, and do not allow others to explore and contribute to  the discussion. A few strategies and or techniques that allow us to see a better approach to communicating can be using open-end questions such as Where would you like to begin? What options have you explored? Which concern would you like to talk about first? Can you tell me more about that? Open-ended questions encourage the exploration of thoughts and feelings by leaving individuals free to answer in any way they choose. On the flip side, closed sided questions s force a specific answer. They often present themselves as roadblocks to good communication. Sometimes you need specific information (i.e. what city do you live in?). Be sure the information you request is relevant to the persons situation. Use fact-finding, limited-response questions sparingly. A closed question allows for a limited response. Understanding that each client is different from each other, focusing on each client while actively listen, not judging and knowing that the client is there for help is a way to adapt your communication between clients and or patients.

Baby Abandonment in Malaysia

Baby Abandonment in Malaysia The problem of abandonment of babies that has become more serious over the years with more and more babies is being abandoned in our country. According to Syed Zahar, 2010, on Valentines Day, charred remains of a baby, believed to be a few days old, and was found in a rubbish bin in Kuala Krai, Kelantan. On March 21, a newborn baby girl was found abandoned in the rubbish dump of a shopping mall in Ipoh, Perak. Then on March 26,ÂÂ  a day-old infant was found dead in Kampung Melayu Subang. The latest data from the police showed that 65 babies have been dumped this year alone, 26 of them boys, 25 girls and the other 14 being foetuses. This brings the total to 472 cases since 2005, in more than half of which, or 258, the babies were found dead in our country and a total of 79 cases were reported on last year (The Star online, 2010). Official statistics reveal an average of 100 cases annually but these figures do not include abandoned babies who died after being abandoned or those ba bies that disposed off without a trace. So, this issue deserves urgent attention by everyone before it goes out of hand. In our opinion, government should play an important role as to reduce the cases of abandoned babies by classify the abandoned baby cases as murder and attempted murder or enforced the law in our country. Those responsible for babies who die would be investigated for murder while abandoned babies found alive would be classified and investigated as attempted murder. Police should investigate and use modern technique such as the DNA test to identify the parents of the abandoned baby. Besides, police should also set up a special squad if they need to probe cases of abandoned newborn babies so as to track down the suspects swiftly. According to The Star on 17 August 2010, there is an 18-year-old factory worker and his 17-year-old girlfriend in Malacca became the first couple in the country to be charged under the Penal Code for baby dumping. The couple pleaded guilty to the offence, which carries a maximum sentence of seven years jail, a fine or both. This is the only way to bring those r esponsible for the death of a baby to justice. Many cases involving baby-dumping could not be resolved fast because of lack of information and expressed the need for public cooperation to help police to solve the cases. So, as a citizen in our country, it is now the time for the society had to be a busybody, especially in matters pertaining to social problems. An NGO in Malaysia has opened the countrys first baby hatch for rescuing unwanted newborns as authorities battle increasing cases of abandoned babies (VR Sreeraman, 2010). A BABY hatch is a place where an unwanted child might be left anonymously by parents. The hatch has a small door which a mother can open and place her baby on an incubator bed. Once the door is closed an alarm bell will alert the NGOs staff to the babys presence, after the mother has left. Although the baby hatch helps to avoid newborn babies being abandoned at the roadside or in a rubbish dump, but many people feel that it seems to encourage pre-marital sex. However, the aim of the baby hatch is to discourage women, especially young unwed mothers, from abandoning their newborn and instead have them placed with caring parents. According The Star newspaper, the baby boy abandoned at the baby hatch on 27 June 2010 has been adopted. The baby hatch, set up on May 29 by OrphanCARE, received its first baby on June 27 whe n an unmarried couple in their early 20s left the newborn there. With the establishment of the baby hatch, government hoped there would be a reduction in the number of babies being dumped. Besides that, NGO plans to place baby cots where mothers can leave their unwanted babies anonymously to save abandoned babies. Unlike the baby hatch, that the baby cots, which would be located at the premises of NGOs, were merely a place for women to place their unwanted babies. The baby cots would most likely be made of wood and designed with an umbrella-like shade to keep out crows and protect the child from the blistering heat. Once a baby is dropped in a cot, the NGO concerned would alert and contact the police and the welfare department. This objective is to protect the abandoned babies lives. Nowadays, cases of baby abandonment usually results from unwanted pregnancies. So, educating youths on the risk of having sex, especially unprotected sex are needed. Sex education should include in our school syllabus, not just implemented as a brief part of other subject like biology, moral and physical education, but as a subject on its own. From the many cases as we know, it was found that many youths did not know their own bodies. Some did not even know that they will get pregnant if they have sex. So, these provide the authorities with a good reason that it is time we had sex education in our schools as one of the subject. Knowledge is power and sex education is not about free sex. Sex education is about giving our children informed choices. Sex education will teach the child about his or her body, changes to the body at puberty, hormones, how to form stable meaningful relationships, responsible relationships, unprotected sex, consequences of having sex and how to say no'(Mariam Mokhtar, 2010). Awareness and education on sexual health will play a vital role in helping to reduce the number of unplanned pregnancies and cases of abandoned babies. Besides, Government or non-governmental organization should provide shelter homes for pregnant unwed girls and unwed mothers to solve the problem of abandoned of babies that has become more serious in our country. Basically a young mother would abandon her baby because she is afraid. She does not wantÂÂ  to keep her baby and she just wants someone to take it, keep it safe, and make sure it gets a good home because she might be unmarried. Because of this, the welfare department officers will be on 24-hours standby to help those having such problems and give them counselling. They should also take the initiatives to identify cases of unwanted pregnancies in their respective areas and provide assistance to the mothers to prevent them from abandoning their babies. While caution need to be taken in implementing any measure as not to encourage young girls to be involved in sexual relationship before marriage, it is equally important to ensure that those who have already crossed the li ne do not shy away from seeking help and doing the right thing. Most cases of abandoned babies were due to weak family institutions and where the responsibility of bringing up a child was left to other parties. So, parents and family members are actually also playing an important role to prevent the unwanted pregnancies so that it will not becoming rampant in our country. Most of the parents in our country are full time workers that force them to spend about 10 hours out of their house per day. As a result, most of their children are abandoning of love and time by their parents. Their parents are too busy with their work and career development. This situation can cause lack of time between the family members. In relation to that their children tend to find others affection among their peers. It can contribute to their feeling in trying new things such as find someone who loves them or having sex with their partner. When parents come to know of their children are pregnant before they had married they will blame the whole world instead of helping t hem and providing the necessary support to them. Parents or family members should not blaming others if their children became pregnant or gave birth to babies conceived out of wedlock but take the necessary steps to support them in times of distress. As you all know, raising a baby as a young teenager is already tough but dealing with the stigma will let the parents and the child feel more pressure. This is why counselling from social agencies do their big part in helping these women deal with the discrimination. In our point of view, teacher should teach young people commit to abstaining from sex until marriage to avoid unwanted pregnancies through education because people also believe that it is morally wrong for the people to have sex before they are married. Since sex is one of the natural force that one cannot resist, as human being we can resist having sex at the wrong time or we should use the effective contraception to avoid unwanted pregnancies. The use of effective contraception, such as the oral contraceptive pill and condom not only reduce the risk of getting unwanted pregnancies but also reduced the rate of HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome) infection. We may not be able to stop our teenagers from having sex before marriage, but we can at least tell them about responsibilities and consequences of having unprotected sex before married. Government and non-governmental organization should also set up a special school for pregnant teenagers to let them complete their education to ensure a better future for them. They should not be alienated and left feeling as if they have been excluded from the society when they got pregnant. The school will also take care of the needs of pregnant teens and this, indirectly, will rid of negative perception against them. Arguments that say setting up such school or the baby hatch would encourage teenagers to be involved in premarital sexual activities should be considered, but we should look at this by taking into consideration that it is already happening, baby dumping has already happened. So what is wrong with setting up the school to give them a venue, a place for them to seek help and save themselves from being trapped in the cycle further. I think we have to give them a second chance, which is more important. The reality is that it is already happening and we need to take action to address the problem, otherwise we will lose young individuals who could contribute to our country. Last but not least, another way to overcome abandoned babies is to create awareness through media. Every country should have a common reminder to their citizen by advertising through any sorts of media whether it is newspaper, television, radio and etc. The citizen will also be educated not only through school but also through media. Media plays a huge part in creating awareness and by doing so it could help to minimize the rate of abandoned babies in the future. People who are not educated are the main problem to this cause because they dont know the value of a new born life and abandoned the baby for the sake of themselves. Through media can also promote ways to handle unwanted babies rather than abandoned them on valleys or dustbins. The role of media is essential because it can deliver a message throughout the nation in a split second and at the same time a lot of people will receive their message at once. Media is the best and fastest way to promote or create awareness among oth er roles. Media serve as a constant reminder to people about how to react and prevent abandoned babies happening and to also promote alternative to donate the babies rather than to leave at somewhere and let the baby die off. In other ways of it is cruel to deal with the issue that way and the babies is paying the price for the mistake their adult are making. That is wrong because there are still so many ways to handle things and people prefer to handle things the wrong way to protect their dignity and to cover the shameful things that has happen to them. There is no dignity left for those who their abandoned babies in dark alleys so why care to protect them? Baby dumping has become a hot topic with newspapers highlighting new cases almost every day. We think that, in solving the issue of abandoned babies, the main goal should be towards creatingÂÂ  awareness among youths that abandoning of babies is not the easiest way out. We have to let them know there are places and people that can provide help and its also these NGOs duty to reach out to those going through unwanted pregnancies. Society too should play their part by understanding the problem and not discriminate unwed mothers. Accidents happen and human make mistakes are no way to redress an initial oversight. In conclusion, lets hope morals of the people in this country not deteriorate as we take this road towards achieving the status of a developed nation. After all, its not much use in having a first-world infrastructure and system when the citizens are still in a third-world state of mind.